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Objective To investigate effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC)protects a-gainst acute lung injury (ALI)in heart valve replacement patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Thirty rheumatic heart disease patients,eighteen males and twelve females with NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with cardiac valve replacement undergoing CPB were enrolled in the study.All pa-tients were randomly divided into group P and group C (fifteen in each group).Patients in group P re-ceived an intravenous injection of 0.03 mg/kg PHC before anesthesia induction and those in group C received the same volume of normal saline.Blood samples were collected to monitor the concentrations of IL-6,TNF-αand NF-κB at the following time points:before anesthesia induction (T0 ),the end of the operation (T1 ),6 hours (T2 ),12 hours (T3 )and 24 hours(T4 )postoperatively,arterial blood gas analyses were detected and oxygenation index (OI)was calculated at the time of T0 ,T1 and T4 , as well as lung dynamic compliance of patients adopt at the time of soon after anesthesia induction and the end of the operation.The outcomes included duration of intubation (DOI),length of intensive care unit stay (LOI)and length of hospital stay after the surgery (LOH).Results The DOI,LOI and LOH in group P were shorter than those in group C,but there was no statistical significance between groups.The plasma levels of IL-6,TNF-α and NF-κB were higher at T1-T4 than T0 in both groups (P <0.05),and those in group P were statistically lower than group C at T1-T4 (P <0.05).The val-ues of OI at T0 and T1 were obviously lower than T4 in both groups (P <0.05),and that in group P was slightly higher than group C at T4 but without statistical significance.The lung dynamic compli-ance of patients in group P at the end of operation was obviously higher than that in group C (P <0.05).Conclusion PHC inhibits systemic inflammatory response,improves lung compliance,amel-iorates tissue oxygen supply and encourages postoperative rehabilitation in valve heart replacement pa-tients with CPB,and its mechanisms is relevant to the regulation of NF-κB signal way on the produc-tion of such proinflammatory cytokines as IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Objective To investigate clinical diagnosis value in complex heart disease of 320-slice computerized tomography.Methods Twenty-seven patients' imaging data of 320-slice computerized tomography and transthoracic heart echocardiography were taken retrospective analysis,all patients were diagnosed with complex heart disease on cardiothoracic surgery.And the authors compared the diagnostic accuracy of imaging diagnosis and operation diagnosis.Results The diagnostic of 27 patients with 89 cardiac anomalies with 320-slice computerized tomography and were diagnosed 83 cardiac anomalies with transthoracic heart echocardiography.However,92 cardiac anomalies were found on cardiothoracic surgery.The diagnostic accuracy of 27 patients had a statistical difference between 320-slice computerized tomography and transthoracic heart echocardiography with complex heart deformity disease (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with transthoracic heart echocardiography,320-slice computerized tomography improved the diagnosis accuracy of the complex heart deformity disease.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effect of classic demethylating drug 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in nude mouse xenograft models, and to observe its effect on methylation status and expression of TFPI-2 gene in the nude mouse xenograft tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nude mouse xenograft model was established by subcutaneous inoculation of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. According to different doses of 5-Aza-CdR, the tumor-bearing nude mice were randomly divided into experimental groups (0.5 mg/kg group, 1 mg/kg group, 2 mg/kg group) and control group (0 mg/kg group). The tumor growth in the nude mice was observed. The methylation status and the expression of TFPI-2 gene mRNA and protein were detected by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The nude mice were euthanized at 28 days after intraperitoneal injection of 5-Aza-CdR. The body weight of tumor-bearing nude mice was (27.12 ± 0.38) g in the 0 mg/kg group, (26.80 ± 0.18) g in the 0.5 mg/kg group, (26.67 ± 0.28) g in the 1 mg/kg group, and (26.50 ± 0.26) g in the 2 mg/kg group, showing no significant difference among them (P > 0.05). The volume of xenograft tumors in the 0 mg/kg group was (709.22 ± 2.87)mm³, (400.67 ± 2.68)mm³ in the 0.5 mg/kg group, (285.71 ± 2.91)mm³ in the 1 mg/kg group, and (230.44 ± 3.15)mm³ in the 2 mg/kg group, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05). There were complete methylation of TFPI-2 gene in the 0 mg/kg group, incomplete methylation in the 0.5 and 1 mg/kg groups, and unmethylation in the 2 mg/kg group. The relative mRNA level in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg groups were 1.00 ± 0.00, 1.67 ± 0.07, 3.40 ± 0.24, and 5.55 ± 0.61, respectively (P < 0.05). The relative expression level of TFPI-2 protein in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg groups was 0.18 ± 0.02, 0.36 ± 0.01, 0.64 ± 0.02, and 0.81 ± 0.20, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>5-Aza-CdR suppresses the tumor growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in nude mouse xenograft models, and induces expression of TFPI-2 gene in the xenograft tumor cells. The mechanism might be that 5-Aza-CdR induces re-expression of demethylated TFPI-2 gene by demethylation, and thus inhibits the growth and proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Adenocarcinoma , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic , Pharmacology , Azacitidine , Pharmacology , Cell Proliferation , DNA Methylation , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Glycoproteins , Genetics , Heterografts , Lung Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Mice, Nude , RNA, Messenger , Metabolism , Random AllocationABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation ( HS∕R)?induced acute lung injury in rats. Methods Fifteen SPF adult Sprague?Dawley rats, aged 2-3 months, weighing 300-400 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=5 each) using a random number table:sham operation group ( group S ) , HS∕R group and ulinastatin group ( group U ) . Carotid arteries were cannulated for blood pressure monitoring and blood?letting. HS∕R was induced by blood?letting and maintained for 1 h, followed by resuscitation with autologous blood transfusion and infusion of normal saline. After cannulation of carotid arteries ( T0 ) , at 5 min after hemorrhagic shock ( T1 ) , before resuscitation ( T2 ) , at 5 min after the expected blood pressure was achieved following resuscitation ( T3 ) , and at 30 min, 1?5 h and 2?5 h after resuscitation ( T4?6 ) , arterial blood samples were collected for determination of interleukin?6 ( IL?6 ) and tumor necrosis factor?α ( TNF?α) concentrations ( by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay) . Arterial blood samples were collected at T0 , T2 and T6 for blood gas analysis. The pH value, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide ( PaCO2 ) , HCO-3 and base excess ( BE) value were recorded, and oxygenation index ( PaO2∕FiO2 ) was calculated. Lungs were removed at T6 , and pulmonary specimens were obtained for examination of pathological changes which were scored, and nucleus was extracted for determination of nuclear factor?kappa B ( NF?κB ) p65 expression by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with group S, the pH values, HCO-3 , BE values and OI were significantly decreased, and PaCO2 , plasma IL?6 and TNF?α concentrations, expression of NF?κB p65 in lung tissues, and pathological scores were increased in U and HS∕R groups. Compared with group HS∕R, the plasma concentrations of IL?6 and TNF?α, expression of NF?κB p65 in lung tissues, and pathological scores were significantly decreased, and no significant changes were found in parameters of blood gas analysis in group U. Conclusion Although ulinastatin can alleviate HS∕R?induced acute lung injury, it is insufficient to improve lung oxygenation in rats.
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A series of 2-(3-butynoicamidophenyl)benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized starting from 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid. Structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS. Their antitumor activities against human tumor cells lines (HCT116, Mia-PaCa2, U87-MG, A549, NCI-H1975) were evaluated by MTT assay. The results revealed that most of the synthesized compounds showed potent activities against HCT116, Mia-PaCa2, U87-MG tumor cells lines. Particularly, compounds 14c and 14h exhibited better activity with IC50 values of 1 x 10(-8) mol x L(-1) against U87-MG and HCT116 respectively. The structure-activity relationship of compounds was also discussed preliminarily.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility and effect of intentional occlusion of the left subclavian artery (LSA) in endovascular aortic repair EVAR of thoracic aortic disease.Methods The cases,who needed occlusion of the LSA in EVAR of thoracic aortic disease,were examined cerebral circulation,carotid artery,vertebral basilar artery and circle of Willis.If the vertebral artery had a good blood pathway,and carotid artery and circle of Willis had no stenotic,we occluded the LSA directly in EVAR,and observed the brain and upper limb ischemia complications postoperation.Results Among 40 cases who were occluded the LSA directly in EVAR,28 cases were successful with no neurological complications and left upper limb ischemia symptoms postoperation,12 patients with mild symptoms of subclavian steal syndrome and neurdogical complications,but none required and secondary surgical intervention.Conclusions Prior to intentional LSA occlusion,attention must be paid to potential supraaortic variants and pathologies.Only in this way,it was safe and effective to occlude the LSA in EVAR of thoracic aortic disease.
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Objective To provide vessel anatomical materials guidance for endovascular aortic repair,the branches artery of thoracic aortic was studied by CT angiography (CTA).Methods From January 2008 to February 2012,739 adult cases' CTA data were collected,all cases performing thoracic CTA in Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command.We measured the diameter and/or leugth of the ascending aorta,aortic arch and branches artery of aortic arch,and made an analysis.Results The aortic arch includes standard and variant types.Standard type is common,which accounted for 91.1％ of the total number,while variant type accounted for 8.9％.In the standard aortic arch of patients,the diameter of aortic arch above the opening of coronary artery (CA) was (35.7 ±4.3) mm,the diameter of ascending aortic arch at the opening of brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) was (33.6 ±4.2) mm,the diameter of aortic arch between the BCT and the left common carotid artery (LCCA) was (29.4 ± 5.7) mm,the diameter of aortic arch between the LCCA and the left subclavian artery (LSA) was (27.6 ± 4.2) mm,the diameter of descending aortic at the opening of the LSA was (25.4 ± 4.5) mm,the diameter of the head BCT from aortic arch was (12.9 ±0.9) mm,the diameter of the head LCCA from aortic arch was (8.5 ± 0.7) mm,the diameter of the head LSA from aortic arch was (10.4 ± 1.1) mm,the length of aorta between the CA and the BCT was (53.3 ±12.5) mm,the length of aortic between the BCT and the LCCA was (4.7 ± 1.5) mm,the length of aortic between the LCCA and the LSA was (7.9 ± 2.6) mm,the length between the opening of BCT and the right subclavian artery (RSA) was (41.1 ± 8.2) mm,the length between the opening of LSA and the opening of left vertebral artery was (38.5 ±5.7) mm,the angle between the horizontal of BCT and the LCCA and the sagittal plane was (71.2 ± 7.2) °,the angle between the plane of LCCA and the LSA and the plane of sagittal was (31.1 ± 2.9)°.Conclusions The CT data of the thoracic aorta can be used as reference for production of stents and guide releasing the stents in endovascular repair.
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Objective To discuss the experience of open heart operation on beating in complex and severe congenital heart diseases. Method This kind of operation was put to use in 48 cases of the heart diseases in order to observe the effect of myocardial protection, prevention from air embolism,exposure of the operative field, and cardiopulmonary bypass. Results Operation field exposure was clear enough to finish the manipulation. One cases was eventiful postoperatively and died(2.08%). Conclusion Open heart operation on beating with slight hypothermia might have much feasibility in the part of complicated and severe congenital heart diseases.
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Objective To summarize the clinical experience of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for thoracic diseases. Methods Clinical data of 207 patients receiving VATS form October 1997 to March 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 155 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax treated by pulmonary bubble ligation or resection, 30 cases of spontaneous or traumatic hemopneumothorax treated by urgent exploration, 14 cases of pulmonary benign diseases undergoing pulmonary wedge resection and biopsy, and 8 cases of mediastinal tumor resection. Results Surgical procedures were completed thoracoscopically in 190 patients and were accomplished under thoracoscope with an additional mini-thoracotomy in 12 patients, while conversions to open surgery were required in 5 patients. The time of surgical procedures was 20~180 min (mean, 56 min). The postoperative hospital stay was 5~52 d (mean, 9 d). Postoperative complications occurred in 17 cases (8.2%, 17/207), including 9 cases of persistent air leakage, 6 cases of re-expansion pulmonary edema, and 2 cases of infection of thoracic cavity. Spontaneous pneumothorax reoccurred in 2 patients 3~4 months postoperatively. Conclusions VATS offers more advantages over traditional thoracotomy for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax pulmonary bubble, traumatic hemopneumothorax and selected chest benign diseases. The combination with mini-thoracotomy under certain circumstance may contribute to assuring the safety of this procedure.
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Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of delayed preconditioning induced by adenosine A 1 receptor. Methods: Male Wistar rats in group A, C,D,K were preconditioned with CCPA, normal salt, Pyrrolidin diethyldi thiocarbamate(DDTC), DDTC +CCPA, respectively. The hearts were isolated and perfused with H-K buffer solution on the Langendorff apparatus 24 hours later,the isolate heart was perfused modified St.Thomas solution for 180 minutes at 4℃, and then reperfused with the H-K buffer for 60 minutes at 37℃. Results:The left ventricular function (+dp/dt max ,%) and myocardial ATP level in group A were better than those of C, D, K groups (P
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Objective To study the feasibility of additive improvement of heart protection by preconditioning with MLA and adenosine.Methods Rabbits of group A were injected with MLA, then 24?h later the hearts were isolated, mounted on a Langendorff apparatus, preconditioned with adenosine, perfused with filtered modified Krebs-Henseleit(K-H) buffer through left atria, instrumented left ventricular function monitor system and paced ventricularly at 180 beat/min. Hearts were arrested with 4?℃ modified St.Thomas solution, stored for 4?h at 4?℃ in this solution, and reperfused with K-H buffer. Left ventricular function, myocardial CK-mb leakage and tissue levels of adenosine triphosphate were measured. Groups B and C were only preconditioned with MLA or adenosine, respectively, while group D was only preserved with the modified St.Thomas solution in 4?℃.Results The left ventricular function recovery as percentage (+dp/dt max) in groups A, B, C was 70.97 ? 17.92 , 65.54 ? 22.62 , 64.36 ? 16.10 , respectively. If compared with group D ( 39.07 ? 13.78 ), the differences were significant ( P
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Objective To discuss the feasibility of open heart operation on beating in the congenital heart diseases.Method This kind of operation was put to use in 181 cases of the congenitalheart diseases in order to observe the effects of myocardial protection, prevention from air embolism,et al.Results Operation field exposure was clear enough to finish the manipulation. All but one case was uneventiful postoperatively,especially without air embolism. Conclusion Open heart operation on beating with slight hypothermia is highly feasible in the common congenital heart diseases.
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Using isolated rat hearts perfused on a langendorff apparatus,ischemic preconditioning (IP) was investigated with 5 min normothermic (at 37℃) or hypothermic (at 30 ℃) ischemia, followed by 10 min of reperfusion before the arrest period, as an adjunct to St. Thomas crystalloid cardioplegia during 180 min ischemia. After basline functional data were obtained, IP was induced 1 control hearts underwent no IP. Results showed that IP improved functional recovery from ischemia during 45 min reperfusion in normothermic ischemic preconditioning group (NP) comparing with normothermic control (NC),P
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Objective To study the potential improvement of donor heart storage by A1 adenosine receptor-induced delayed preconditioning and the mechanism.Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. Group A was pretreated with 2-chloro-N6-cyclopen-tyladenosine (CCPA),and 24 h later,the hearts were stored in St.Thomas solution for 4 h at 4 ℃ and reperfused with K-H buffer for 1 h,while group B was only injected with vehicle of CCPA. Similarly,group C was administered with CCPA,and 24 h later,subjected to 3 h of hypothermial ischemia and 1 h reperfusion,while groups D,E,F received antisense ODN (AS),sense ODN and scrambled ODN to the initiation site of rat Mn-SOD mRNA before preconditioning with CCPA,respectively. In the meantime,groups G and H were only administered with AS or vehicle of CCPA,respectively. Left ventricular function,myocardial CK-mb leakage,tissue levels of adenosine triphosphate and Mn-SOD were measured.Results The recovery percentage of ?dp/dt max of left ventricle in groups A,C,E and F were much higher than in groups B,D,G and H ( P
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8kPa, 113 cases of type ASD and VSD with diameter from 0.5 to 2.0 cm were operated upon with open heart technic from June 1995 to June 1999. There was no mortality, no air embolism, except in 4 cases operation was only completed under moderate hyperthermia and cardiac arrest instead due to poor vision of the operating field. 12 cases were complicated by slight hemoglubinuria after 24h of operation, and 1 case by remnant VSD. 95 cases were followed up, and they were in healthy condition. This operative technic is suitable for the repair of secondary ASD, and small or moderate, membranous or para membranous VSD. Its advantage is less myocardial damage, and shorten the duration of cardiac arrest. Air embolism is likely to take place by using this method, but effective method should be taken to prevent it.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of neonatal dog peripheral mononuclear cells on left ventricular function, haemodynamic, and infarcted size when transplanted into infarcted myocardium. Methods: Mononuclear cells from neonatal dogs were isolated and purified. The descending coronary arteries of adult dogs were ligated and the cells were injected into the border zone of the infarcted region. The control group was injected with non serum culture medium. Left ventricular pressure, d p /d t max , and power of LV were measured during and 30 d after operation. Echocardiogram(HP Sonos 5500, 2.5 MHz) were performed promptly and 30 d after operation to determine the changes of left ventricular function. Infarcted size, capillary density and cardiac muscle width were measured 30 d after operation. Results: LV pressure decreased in both groups, there were no marked differences between the 2 groups. LV pressure and d p /d t max of transplant group were greater than those of control group 30 d after operation. The systolic and diastolic functions were preserved after mononuclear cell transplantation. Infarcted sizes were lower and capillary density was greater in transplant group than those of control group. Conclusion: Transplantation of neonatal dog peripheral mononuclear cells into the infarcted regions can increase the capillary density and decrease infarcted size, preserving left ventricular function.